This article argues that Cuba’s deep economic crisis requires a comprehensive transformation that goes beyond partial measures, combining macroeconomic stabilization with structural reforms aimed at building a social market economy. The author contends that, alongside the impact of external sanctions, internal policy failures and institutional weaknesses have significantly contributed to economic stagnation and the deterioration of living conditions.

It further maintains that recovery should be driven by higher productivity, greater investment, stronger legal certainty, and institutional modernization, while ensuring effective social protection. The success of this process will depend on a gradual, coherent, and socially viable implementation strategy capable of laying the foundations for sustainable growth.